What is Meshcore?

Meshcore is a lightweight C++ library and firmware for creating LoRa-based mesh networks. It enables off-grid communication using inexpensive radio devices that don't require internet, cell towers, or any central infrastructure.

What is a mesh network?

A mesh network is a decentralized network where devices (called nodes) can communicate with each other directly, and messages can "hop" through multiple devices to reach distant recipients. Every repeater strengthens the network for everyone.

What can I do with Meshcore?

• Send text messages without internet or cell service
• Share GPS locations with others
• Communicate during emergencies when infrastructure fails
• Coordinate activities in areas without coverage (hiking, remote properties)
• Build community resilience and communication independence

Why Meshcore instead of Meshtastic?

Both are excellent LoRa mesh platforms, but Meshcore offers specific advantages:

Network Efficiency

Meshcore clients use direct communication only; they don't relay messages for others. Dedicated repeaters handle multi-hop routing using controlled flooding. Result: Lower network congestion and more efficient bandwidth use.

Message Reliability

Meshcore provides clear feedback on message delivery (delivered or failed). Meshtastic uses ambiguous indicators that don't guarantee receipt. Critical for emergency or important communications.

Scalability

Meshcore handles larger networks more efficiently with static routing paths. Supports up to 64 hops vs Meshtastic's typical 7-hop limit. Better performance in high-density deployments.

Power Efficiency

Client devices consume less power (not constantly relaying others' traffic). Better for battery-powered mobile nodes.

What are the trade-offs?

Aspect	Meshtastic	Meshcore
Cost	Completely free	Core free, premium ~$10
Community	Larger, established	Smaller, growing
Features	GPS telemetry, ATAK, MQTT	Core messaging focus
Reliability	Ambiguous delivery status	Clear delivery confirmation
Efficiency	Higher network overhead	Lower congestion
Scalability	7 hop limit	64 hop limit

What hardware do I need?

Compatible LoRa devices include:

• LILYGO T-Deck Plus (~$80) - Recommended for standalone operation with keyboard and screen
• Heltec LoRa32 V3 (~$30) - Good balance of cost/features
• RAKwireless devices (~$50) - Easy setup
• Seeed Studio T1000-E - Compact option
• Other LoRa-compatible hardware (check compatibility list)

How far can messages travel?

Direct communication (line of sight):

• Between handheld devices in town: 1-3 km
• Elevated locations with good antennas: up to 10+ km
• Through buildings: significantly reduced

Multi-hop through repeaters:

• Messages can hop up to 64 times through repeaters
• Well-planned networks: 50+ km total coverage

Factors affecting range: Terrain and elevation, buildings and obstacles, antenna quality, weather conditions, transmission power settings

What's the difference between a client and a repeater?

Client nodes: Personal devices you carry or install. Send and receive messages directly. Don't relay messages for others (by default). Lower power consumption.

Repeater nodes: Fixed installations in strategic locations. Dedicated to forwarding messages between clients. Usually elevated with good antennas. Require reliable power (solar/mains). Essential for multi-hop coverage.

Is it legal?

Yes! Meshcore uses license-free ISM bands (902-928 MHz in North America). No amateur radio license required. FCC Part 15 compliant.

Is it private/secure?

Messages CAN be encrypted with a shared key for your group. Default public channels are NOT encrypted. Anyone with a Meshcore device on the same channel can see public messages.

Important: Never share passwords, personal info, or sensitive data on public channels. Think of public channels like CB radio - assume everyone can hear.

How much does it cost?

Hardware: Basic device $30-50, Better featured device $50-80, Solar repeater setup $100-300

Software: Meshcore core library free (MIT license), Premium features ~$10 (GPS tracking, telemetry, location sharing)

Network usage: Completely free - no subscriptions or fees

What's the current coverage?

We're in early deployment phase:

• 1 repeater operational at 48°54'20.0"N 115°04'34.9"W
• Solar repeater planned for optimal high-point location
• Coverage testing ongoing
• Goal: Full Eureka town coverage plus major routes

What configuration should I use?

Follow our Meshcore Configuration Guide for detailed setup.

Key settings:

• Region: US (902-928 MHz)
• Spreading Factor: SF11 (better range)
• Channels: #eureka, #montana, #emergency, #test

Why do we use SF11?

Spreading Factor 11 provides improved range and stronger links across our mountainous terrain compared to the default SF10. Trade-off: Slightly slower data rates, but range is more important for our area.

What channels are available?

• #eureka - Primary local community channel
• #montana - State-wide coordination
• #emergency - Emergency communications ONLY
• #test - Testing and diagnostics

How can I help expand the network?

Everyone can help: Get a device and use it, participate in coverage testing, share information with neighbors, report coverage gaps.

If you have a good location: High elevation with line-of-sight to town, south-facing solar access, secure mounting location, willing to host a repeater - contact us to coordinate!

Will this work during emergencies?

Yes, IF: Enough devices are deployed, repeaters have backup power (solar/battery), you have a charged device.

Use cases: Wildfire evacuations (when cell towers overloaded/damaged), winter storms (power/communication outages), coordination with neighbors, emergency services communication.

Important: Always call 911 first if phone service is available and situation is life-threatening.

How do I get started?

1. Learn: Read this FAQ and our documentation
2. Get hardware: Purchase a compatible device
3. Install app: Download Meshcore app (iOS/Android)
4. Configure: Follow our setup guide
5. Test: Join #test channel and send messages
6. Connect: Join #eureka channel and meet the community

Where do I buy hardware?

Online retailers:

• Amazon (search "LoRa Meshcore device" or specific models)
• AliExpress (lower cost, longer shipping)
• RAKwireless official store
• LILYGO official store
• Various ham radio retailers

Do I need technical skills?

Basic setup: No special skills needed - download app, follow configuration guide, send messages.

Advanced setup (repeaters): Some technical knowledge helpful - antenna installation, solar system sizing, weatherproofing, troubleshooting.

We're here to help! Join the community discussion.

I can't see any nodes

Check: Region is set to US (902-928 MHz), antenna is properly connected, you're within coverage area, device firmware is up to date.

Try: Going outdoors or to elevated location, moving to different part of town, checking #test channel for activity.

My messages aren't sending

Check: Channel configuration matches network, device has valid time (sync clock), not showing errors in app, air utilization isn't too high (>30%).

Try: Restart device, resync time, send on #test channel first, check signal strength to nearest node.

Battery drains too fast

Optimize: Reduce transmit power if coverage is adequate, increase broadcast intervals, disable unnecessary features (GPS if not needed), ensure proper charging (solar angle, clean panels).

Range is poor

Check: Antenna connection is secure, antenna is appropriate type (not 2.4GHz WiFi antenna!), transmission power settings, obstacles between you and repeater.

Improve: Elevate antenna (even 5-10 feet helps), go outdoors for testing, use better quality antenna, check for sources of interference.